Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Matt Cavallo
Patient Activation Network, USA
Keynote: The dog story: A patient’s perspective on research and healthcare
Time : 9:00-9:30
Biography:
Matt Cavallo, MPH is the founder and Chief Empathy Officer of the Patient Activation Network. He is a patient experience thought the leader who has been a keynote speaker for healthcare events across the country. He has been named among The Top 10 Social HealthMakers by WCG and his blog was selected as one of Healthline’s Top Healthcare Blogs. His story of being diagnosed and overcoming the physical and emotional challenges associated with having a chronic disease can be read in his memoir, The Dog Story: A Journey into a New Life with Multiple Sclerosis
Abstract:
At twenty-eight years old, Matt Cavallo, MPH was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis. Seemingly overnight he went from a fully-functioning, healthy man to someone who was paralyzed from the waist down and unable to walk. His story of being diagnosed and overcoming the physical and emotional challenges associated with having a chronic disease will be presented from the onset of symptoms and hospitalization to the decision to try a black-box therapy. He will discuss the successful outcomes he experienced because of the decision to advocate for himself based on the clinical trial research. Matt will also discuss the emotional and physical toll that it took on him, his wife and their young family. During this lecture, Matt will talk about the importance of participating in clinical trials from the patient perspective. He will discuss the resistance he faced from his care team because of his decision to try a newly approved, but risky therapy option, and how he overcame those objections. Matt has presented on this topic to top researchers and scientists in the field inspiring them with his compelling personal patient experience story. His authenticity and ability to be vulnerable on stage will make this presentation one that your audience will talk about long after the conference has ended. Matt will make your audience laugh, cry, and in the end, inspire hope.
Learning Objectives
The World Health Organization recognizes therapeutic patient education and patient experience as clinical education. Content within the lecture is relevant to healthcare and the designated audiences in the following four areas:
The patient adaptation process including coping with the disease, loss of control, health beliefs and sociocultural perceptions.
Subjective and objective needs of the patient, whether expressed or not, as an integral part of treatment and care
Concerns about the patient’s daily life and psychosocial environment, as well as, the patient’s family and other close relatives and friends.
A disease as a continuous process, which has to be adaptive over the course of the disease and to the patient and patient’s way of life as part of a long-term care of the patient.
Keynote Forum
Tatsuya Takagi
Osaka University, Japan
Keynote: SBDD of MDM2 and β-secretase inhibitors using FMO and machine learning
Time : 09:30-10:00
Biography:
Tatsuya Takagi has completed his PhD at the age of 32 from Osaka University. At that time, he had been an Assistant Professor of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University for 5 years. Then, since 1993, he had worked for the Genome Information Research Center, Osaka University as an Associate Professor until he became a Professor of Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University in 1998. He has published more than 150 papers in reputed journals and had served as Chairman of Division of Structure-Activity Relationship of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan for three years (until March 2017).
Abstract:
MDM2 (Mouse double minute 2 homolog) is known as a protein which is a significant negative regulator of p53. MDM2 is also considered to be E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase recognizing the N-terminal TAD (Transactivation Domain). Thus, MDM2-p53 interactions are proposed to be a promising therapeutic strategy for tumors. Previously, we reported a part of the FMO (Fragment Molecular Orbital) calculation results of MDM2 and its inhibitors at the 11th China-Japan Joint Symposium on Drug Design and Development. Although we showed a satisfactory result, we also thought the result could be improved using PIEDA (Pair Interaction Energy Decomposition Analysis). In this study, we added some FMO results and tried to obtain a better correlation using data mining methods, such as PLS. First, we selected significant 18 IFIE (Inter Fragment Interaction Energy) values and 45 electrostatic interaction energies as the results of PIEDA from 84 ones. Then we obtained two latent variables as the results of PLS and cross validations. Resulted scatter plot of the two latent variables. In this case, the best-squared correlation coefficient values between observed and calculated pIC50 of MDM2, 0.924, was obtained. FMO calculation results between β-secretase and inhibitors also will be shown.
Keynote Forum
Guiyong (Nick) Song
The University of Missouri, USA
Keynote: Modeling and simulation bring deep understandings of device drug delivery to improve patient experience
Time : 10:00-10:30
Biography:
Nick Song has completed his PhD from The University of Missouri and his MBA from Purdue University. He is a technical manager of the Science & Technology organization at Abbvie Inc, where he leads the modeling and simulation of drug delivery devices and systems. He previously completed numerous technical consulting projects on drug delivery and medical devices with major medical companies, as a consultant at the world leading simulation solutions company Dassault Systemes (previously ABAQUS Inc.) He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and conferences.
Abstract:
Drug delivery devices and drug-device combination products involve complex working mechanisms, nonlinear materials with complex mechanical behaviors, and interactions between fluids and structures. The development and manufacturing of combination products entail the deep understanding of the design, manufacturability, and reliability, where modeling and simulation offer unparalleled capabilities and complement testing based on physical prototypes. This presentation will provide a few case studies of device and combination products modeling at Abbvie. Bio-compatible polymers including thermoplastic polyurethane and thermoplastic elastomer are commonly used in medical devices such as drug delivery tubing and connectors. They provide excellent durability and resistance against oils and chemicals. Their mechanical properties are complex, exhibiting nonlinear large strain nonlinearity, hysteresis, and permanent set under cyclic loading. Hi-fidelity finite element modeling was utilized to study the performance of a delivery system under various conditions. Results showed the high margin of safety. Auto-injector is a combination of drug and device. A syringe pre-filled with a drug is installed into a spring-loaded pen device to achieve automatic subcutaneous drug delivery. Finite element simulations of the firing/activation process provided deep insights into the working mechanism that were not known from prior experiments. An infusion pump is an electro-mechanical device used to deliver the drug into the human body at large volumes and over the long period of time. Simulations showed the working mechanism of the complex device that includes components made from nonlinear silicone rubber and thermoplastic polyurethane materials. Multiphysics modeling of auto-injector provided deep insights into the drug solution fluid flow driven by the device which was not easily measurable.
Keynote Forum
Rahul R Panchal
Leonine Technologies Inc., USA
Keynote: Self administrative drug delivery devices made with plastics material – market potential, customer discovery, challenges, manufacturing, and business model
Time : 11:00-11:30
Biography:
Rahul R. Panchal has completed his M.S. (2005) and PhD (2009) in plastics Engineering and Polymer Science from University of Massachusetts, Lowell. He has B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Gujarat University, India (1998). He has extensive background and expertise in medical device design & manufacturing, polymer injection molding, statistics, multivariate analysis, in-mold sensing technology etc. He is an inventor of the patented in-mold sensor having the capability to measure in-mold shrinkage realtime. He currently works at AbbVie as a Principle Scientist Engineering, Combination Products and transitioning into entrepreneurship. He is also founder and president of Leonine Technologies Inc. which mainly focused on new technology development for injection molding, medical device, as well as training and consultation.
Abstract:
Due to the increased health care costs, patients are looking for self-administration drug delivery devices where the drug can be packaged within the device. Because of this many pharmaceutical companies are moving towards drug and device combination for many drugs and reformulating their drugs so they can pack into the delivery device as a combination product like autoinjectors, infusion pumps, nebulizers etc. The delivery device is mainly made of injection molded plastics parts. The self-drug delivery systems have helped the patients a lot without relying on medical practitioners for drug delivery or taking frequent oral doses. However, pharmaceutical companies are still in denial to accept the importance of drug delivery devices as a part of their product portfolio, maybe they are worried about being subjected to medical device regulations which are not their core business. Hence, all major pharmaceutical companies rely on third-party device designers and manufacturers. In general, pharmaceutical companies select the device for a specific drug and conduct the patient survey by showing the device prototype via focus groups or patient experience studies. The risk behind this approach is that the patient creates own bias immediately after looking at the prototype and over 50% of patients do not provide honest feedback. Hence, the majority of patients requirements are not being translated to the device design. Any device failure will lead to patient complaints towards the pharmaceutical company even though the company is making the best drug ever available in the market. Another issue, majority of device developers are mechanical designers with little or no knowledge of plastics product design and manufacturing thus they fail in differentiating between plastics and non-plastics (metal) design concepts. Because of this, the majority of the device available in the market are designed having components with complex features not suitable for plastics materials or with the wrong material selection. This has resulted over a 30% increase in manufacturing cost and time. Therefore, it is very important to understand the importance of customer feedback even before starting the device design as well the science behind plastics product design and manufacturing, related technological innovations.
Keynote Forum
Prakash V Diwan
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, India
Keynote: Wonders and worries of nanotechnology in healthcare
Time : 11:30-12:00
Biography:
Prakash V Diwan obtained his PhD from Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Contributed in the areas of Novel Drug Delivery systems & drug discovery. Published over 200 papers in pre-reviewed journals. He delivered guest lectures in India and abroad. He has many awards instituted by Indian Pharmacological Society. He has served as founder Director of NIPER, Hyderabad and fellow of the Royal Society of London, FRSC (London). Presently working as Technical Advisor, Indian Pharmacopeia Commission, Government of India, Director School of Pharmacy, and Hyderabad. Director, CRL, Maratha Mandal Group of Institutions, Belgaum, and Consultant for Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad
Abstract:
From science fiction to reality: Nano medicine Brings fresh hope to the medical world. Nanomedicine is an offshoot of nanotechnologies. Medical applications, dominate today's market, with sales of $19.1 billion. Emerging nanomedicine technologies could dramatically transform medical science today with their potential to address unmet medical needs and provide targeted therapy. Nanomedicine can offer impressive resolutions for various life-threatening diseases including effective drug delivery systems, drug discovery, and development, medical diagnosis, and devices. The advent of nanomedicine and techniques for the early diagnosis of diseases could usher in a new era of superior prophylactic or preventive medicine. By using preventive medicine, treatment for diseases could be initiated even before preliminary symptoms appear.
Medical Advantages
Nanotechnology has the potential to bring major advances in medicine.
Nanobots could be sent into a patient's arteries to clear away blockages.
Surgeries could become much faster and more accurate.
Injuries could be repaired cell-by-cell.
It may even become possible to heal genetic conditions by fixing the damaged genes. Cancer treatment, drug delivery, drug development, medical tools diagnostic tests, imaging
Novel drug delivery systems of herbal drugs using nanotechnology: Have a potential future
Nanomedicine technology faces biggest challenges such as scalability. This perceived difficulty is attributed to the fact that manufacturing standards for nanomaterials and components are yet to evolve. Therefore, there is an urgent need for standardized manufacturing techniques; only then can nanotechnology become ubiquitous in everyday applications. Furthermore, since the characteristics of nanoscale matter are very different owing to their unique nature, there is a need for appropriate quality control measures. Concerns about the potential ill effects of engineered nanomaterials such as nanotubes through inhalation, ingestion, or absorption through the skin are increasing.
Challenges
The exact usage and quality of materials? strategy,
Research is motivated by immediate profits, more concentration on commercial products,
Are nanotechnology inventions required by the society?
What about nanotoxicity? Are products commercially viable?
In the longer term, perhaps 10–20 years from today, the earliest molecular machine systems and nanorobots may join the medical armamentarium, finally giving physicians the most potent tools imaginable to conquer human disease, ill-health, and aging.
Keynote Forum
Vinod Labhasetwar
Lerner Research Institute, USA
Keynote: Simple is better in nanomedicine
Time : 12:00-12:30
Biography:
Vinod Labhasetwar, PhD, is a Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, both in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. The primary research focus of his laboratory over the past 25+ years has been on nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery in the context of translational and clinical medicine, particularly focusing on disease conditions where no effective treatments yet exist. His team’s specific interests are in developing effective approaches to cancer therapy (against drug resistance and metastasis), cardiovascular diseases (particularly inhibition of restenosis), and facilitating neuromuscular repair mechanisms in stroke and spinal cord injury. Recently, his group’s efforts have been expanding into two new areas: retinitis pigmentosa, with the goal of slowing the progression of photoreceptor degeneration; and transplantation research, with the objective of extending the critical window of time for organ preservation. He has published over 180 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters. He is listed among the 2014 and 2015 Highly Cited Researchers by Thomson Reuters, based on the top 1% of citations during the past 10 years. He has over 25 issued US and international patents and 4 provisional the US patents filed/pending. He is Editor-in-Chief of Drug Delivery and Translational Research, an official journal of the Controlled Release Society.
Abstract:
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems can potentially overcome several barriers to drug delivery, reduce toxicity to the patient, and thus improve therapeutic outcomes. Over time, nanoparticles have undergone evolution from simple to more complex systems, yet the nanoparticle formulations developed as “nanomedicine” for clinical use remain quite simple. Our laboratory research has shown that simple nanoparticle formulations, developed with a solid rationale, are very effective in treating complex conditions. This overview will describe nanoparticles that are straightforward in design yet effective in treating complex diseases in animal models. One example is a formulation that successfully treats bone metastasis, considered the primary cause of death in many types of cancers but more particularly in prostate and breast cancers. A second example is a formulation that effectively modifies the after-effects of stroke. This presentation will also define the challenges in moving complex nanoparticles through regulatory pathways and the scale-up process toward eventual commercialization.
- Clinical Research & Clinical Trials | Computer Aided Drug Designing | Drug Delivery Systems| Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery | Clinical Trial Forecasting, Budgeting and Contracting| Drug Discovery and Development| Patient-Centric Clinical Trials| Clinical Trial Site Selection and Management| Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology |Drug Delivery Technology
Chair
Arwyn T Jones
Cardiff University, UK
Co-Chair
Tatsuya Takagi,
Osaka University, Japan
Session Introduction
Mohammad Tauseef
Chicago State University, USA
Title: Metformin prevents high glucose induced disruption of coronary artery endothelial barrier function and accelerates wound healing
Time : 13:30-13:50
Biography:
Mohammad Tauseef is an Assistant Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Chicago State University College of Pharmacy, Chicago IL. He completed his postdoctoral training from Department of Pharmacology, the University of Illinois at Chicago IL. He performs his biomedical research to investigate the role of calcium signaling in the regulation of vascular endothelial hyperpermeability and inflammation. He regularly presents his research findings in various national and international scientific meetings such as Federations of America Society of Experimental Biology (FASEB), American Heart Association (AHA), etc. He is the recipient of several awards for his research presentations including Research Recognition Award from American Physiological Society (APS), Young Investigator Award by American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET). He is an active member of the American Association of College of Pharmacy (AACP) and American Association of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. He has published his research work in the top tier, peer-reviewed international journals, such as Circulation Research, Journal of Experimental Medicine, The FASEB Journal.
Abstract:
Despite the great strides have been made in treating hyperglycemia-induced vascular endothelial barrier dysfunction, current treatments have shown limited success in reversing vascular pathologies. During inflammatory conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, endothelial cell-cell junctions start to disrupt because of the internalization of the junctional proteins, such as Vascular Endothelial (VE) cadherin. This leads to the formation of minute inter-endothelial gaps, and the infiltration of protein-rich fluid and immune cells in the interstitial space. If remaining unchecked, the persistent buildup of edema underlying the endothelial lining sets the stage for the serious life-threatening complications. Wound healing impairment is also increasingly recognized to be a consequence of hyperglycemia-induced dysfunction of endothelium in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metformin, an oral antihyperglycemic agent, is the first line drug in the clinic for patients with T2DM. We hypothesized that the metformin prevents high glucose-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction and accelerates the wound healing process in human coronary endothelial cells (HCAE) via preventing the destabilization of junctional protein, VE-cadherin. Endothelial permeability and wound healing process were evaluated by using state of the art Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) mechanism. Our data show that high glucose concentration increased endothelial permeability and abrogated the wound healing process. Metformin significantly prevented the alteration of endothelial barrier function and enhances the wound healing process. Metformin also prevented Myosin Light Chain Kinase (MYLK) phosphorylation and increased in VE-cadherin expression in presence of high glucose concentration in HCAE. In conclusion, metformin is emerging as a potential therapeutic treatment for improving endothelial barrier function to prevent and treat coronary artery disease in diabetes mellitus.
Rama Mishra
Northern Western University, USA
Title: Drug discovery research in academia
Time : 13:50-14:10
Biography:
Rama K Mishra has been working for more than two decades in drug discovery and the molecular pharmacology of novel therapeutics at the pre-clinical levels. He has worked in different industries and academia, applying his expertise in computer-assisted drug design with an emphasis in screening and designing of small molecule ligands for various disease targets. He has established a novel in silico drug discovery platform at Northwestern University. He is an inventor of 7 published US patents and 14 filed patent applications. He has more than 70 peer-reviewed publications in reputed journals..
Abstract:
The most challenging issues facing the biopharmaceutical industry are the expiration of profitable drug patents, overreliance on blockbuster-type products, low numbers of new drugs being approved each year, and the increased costs associated with developing new drugs. At the same time, unprecedented advances in genomics, proteomics, molecular biology, and informatics have provided tremendous insights into the biological underpinnings of many diseases. The result is that there are increasing numbers of new drug targets against which to develop new therapeutics. However, given the rapidly increasing costs associated with developing new drugs, the drug discovery scientists have decreasing resources available to carry out the work. Unfortunately, the way in which new drugs are discovered is still carried out largely the same way it has been for the last 20-30 years. This process typically involves screening many thousands or millions of compounds in a high-throughput screen (HTS) to discover “hit” compounds for different disease targets. The HTS requires screening millions of compounds and the maintenance of vast compound libraries in facilities dedicated to their storage and use. These efforts are enormously resource and infrastructure-intensive and necessitate a large research overhead. Hit compounds found in this manner typically require substantial investments of time and money to optimize using medicinal chemistry to achieve a necessary level of potency, selectivity, and other properties consistent with an effective therapeutic. The main challenge in this field is developing drug candidates quickly, efficiently, and cost-effectively so that new drug targets can be validated and increased value can be realized. At Northwestern’s Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery (CMIDD), we have developed a novel strategy based on computational methodologies that efficiently identifies unique bioactive compounds possessing excellent drug-like characteristics without the burdens associated with large screening campaigns. This approach leverages recent advances in computational chemistry with unique methods to evaluate potential bioactive compounds using in silico tools. We have successfully used the novel in silico approach to discover new bioactive molecules for over few dozens of potential new drug targets. This strategy has the potential to shift the current drug discovery paradigm away from traditional in vitro HTS to the in silico approach CMIDD is pioneering. Furthermore, it will greatly accelerate the drug discovery process and increase the efficiency with which new drugs are developed. This is particularly important in an academic environment such as Northwestern University because this new strategy requires far less infrastructure and is much less costly than traditional HTS.
Mirosław Kwiatkowski
AGH University of Science and Technology, Poland
Title: numerical procedure with the new clustering based models
Time : 14:10-14:30
Biography:
Dr. hab. eng. MirosÅ‚aw Kwiatkowski in 2004 obtained PhD degree from the Faculty of Energy and Fuels at the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków (Poland), and in 2018 D.Sc. degree from the Faculty of Chemistry at the WrocÅ‚aw University of Technology (Poland) in the discipline: chemical technology. In addition, he obtained a certificate of completion of postgraduate studies: Professional Research and Development Project Manager at the Krakow University of Agriculture (Poland), Research and Development Project Manager at the University of Economics and Innovation in Lublin (Poland), and Electrical Energy Markets from the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering at the AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow (Poland). His published work includes more than 45 papers in reputable international journals and 80 conference proceedings. He is the editor in chief of The International Journal of System Modeling and Simulation (United Arab Emirates), an associate editor of Micro & Nano Letters Journal (United Kingdom) and a member of the many editorial board of international journals as well as a member of the organizing and scientific committees international conferences in Europe, Asia and United States of America.
Abstract:
The optimal selection of the methods and conditions for the production of adsorbents and catalysts requires the reliable and accurate description of the parameters of the heterogeneous surfaces and physicochemical processes occurring on them. Many theories of the adsorption processes were developed in the past century, which assume different mechanisms of physicochemical processes and various simplifications. This work presents the results of the application of new mathematical models with the unique numerical fast multivariate numerical identification procedure as the universal tool for analyzing the heterogeneous surfaces. The proposed method yield a broader range of reliable information on the surface structure of the analyzed material, which is particularly useful for the assessment of the impact of production process conditions and modifications on the development of both geometrical and energetic properties of the surface of heterogeneous catalysts.
Navaneetha Nambigari
Osmania University, India
Title: Ruthenium (II) polypyridyl complexes: Investigation of DNA binding study and antiproliferative activity
Time : 14:30-14:50
Biography:
Navaneetha Nambigari, assistant professor, department of chemistry, University College of science, saifabad, Osmania University, Hyderabad. She has done PhD in bio-inorganic chemistry and post-doctoral work in computational chemistry. Her core research areas are spectroscopic investigations of metal complexes and their applications (bioinorganic chemistry) and in silico drug designing techniques, based on targeted approaches. Drug designing with special reference for identifying new leads against cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. She has several awards to her credit “best presentation award” at drug design 2017, jnu convention center, New Delhi, India, and April 2017 and at recent advances in applied nano materials, Osmania University, Hyderabad (2016). “Young faculty award” by venus international foundation, Chennai. (2015) and “young chemist award”, by royal society of chemistry, London, UK at 42nd iupac conference, “chemistry solutions”, Glasgow, UK (2009). She has 13 years of teaching and 16 years of research experience with 5 graduate students and 6 phd scholars working for their thesis dissertation.
Abstract:
Disruption of the regulation of normal tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes lead to abnormal growth i.e., development of cancer. Platinum complexes represent one of the most successful families of clinically used metal-based anticancer drugs; other transition metal complexes such as ruthenium complexes generate interest as antitumor agents. Ruthenium complexes have shown great potential and remain the subject of extensive drug discovery efforts. Transition metals can provide several interesting complex structures capable of apoptosis & forms an interesting area of research. The present work focuses on a series of mononuclear ruthenium (ii) polypyridyl complexes with n, n-donor ligands (then = 1, 10 phenanthroline, bpy = 2, 2’ bipyridine, dmb = 4, 4’-dimethyl 2, 2’ bipyridine and an intercalating ligands (bnpip= 2-(4-butoxy- 3-nitrophenyl)-1h-imidazo [4, 5-f][1, 10] phenanthroline, synthesized and characterized. The binding abilities of ruthenium complexes were investigated using UV-visible and fluorescence studies. The mode of binding was confirmed by viscosity experiment. Experimental results suggested that they can bind through intercalative mode with DNA having different binding constant. The in vitro assays were used to determine the cytotoxicity and apoptotic activities of the complexes. The significant in vitro activity observed for these complexes show promising findings for future in vivo cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative evaluation.
Sajid Ali
Philipps University Marburg, Germany
Title: Photodynamic mediated anticancer therapy using temoporfin (mthpc) loaded liposomes
Time : 14:50-15:10
Biography:
Sajid Ali was born in Pakistan. He has completed Pharm D and M Phil from Pakistan. He completed his Master’s thesis on the enhancement of drug permeation through the transdermal drug delivery system. He also worked with Nano and microparticles loaded transdermal patches. As a teacher, he taught Pharmaceutical technology to Pharm D students for 4 years. He got an HEC/DAAD scholarship to pursue his PhD in Germany. He is currently working as a PhD at the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Marburg, Germany. His areas of interest are the formulation of Nanocarrier based polymeric and liposomal systems targeting cancer therapy, cell culture studies and Atomic force microscopy. Currently, he is working on a combination of Nanocarrier systems (lipid coated polymeric systems) for synergistic photodynamic-chemotherapy and antibacterial therapy.
Abstract:
Background: Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved therapeutic modality for the treatment of various diseases including cancers. It predominantly utilizes biocompatible photosensitizer and light energy of optimal wavelength to initiate photochemical reactions, triggering the photosensitizer, converting tissue oxygen (O2) to highly reactive oxygen species (ROS). This ROS induces oxidative damage to bio-organic molecules including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids consequently leading to the destruction and of targeted cancer cells. The present study aims to develop a novel nanocarrier for the photodynamic treatment of cancer.
Methodology: Liposomes containing mTHPC (Meta-tetra (hydroxyphenyl) chlorin) were prepared by the thin film hydration method using different lipid combinations. These liposomes were subsequently extruded with Avanti Polar extruder using polycarbonate membranes above the phase transition temperature of lipids. These extruded liposomes were characterized for size distribution, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and morphological studies using dynamic light scattering, laser doppler velocimetry, ultracentrifugation, and atomic force microscopy. These liposomes were further evaluated with cell culture studies utilizing HT-29 cell line including in vitro cytotoxicity, photodynamic & antibacterial therapy, intracellular localization with CLSM, haemocompatibility assay and in vivo CAM model.
Results: All liposomal formulations ranged from 99 nm to 125nm in size with the PDI less than 0.2 and surface charge from -18 to +15mV. Photodynamic studies showed a dose-dependent effect with no cytotoxicity in dark. mTHPC was mainly localized in the perinuclear region with no internalization in the nucleus. In vivo CAM model displayed a strong occlusion of blood vessels while haemocompatibility studies demonstrated no toxicity to the blood cells.
Conclusion: Present study concludes that mTHPC liposomes can be formulated with different lipid combinations. These systems are not only biocompatible and less toxic but also effective against different cancer and bacterial infections.
Sedegheh Malek Mohammadi
Orthotics and Prosthetics Research Clinic, Iran
Title: Tribology in phantom pain in upper limb amputees
Time : 15:10-15:30
Biography:
I am a faculty of orthotics and prosthetics. My experience in the area of research, teaching in University, clinical experiments and measuring is more than 20 years. I have done research in the area of plantar fascia qualities and its connection with the ankle and foot structure and function in living individual. (My PhD) I have experience of working with Ultrasound machine. I have presented my papers internationally since 2004. Some of my papers have been published, also. I have written five books in the area of orthotics and prosthetics in Persian. I have been chief guest editor in the American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine (Special Issue) up to March 01; 2015 and guest editor in the American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (Special Issue) up to April 10, 2018.
Abstract:
The purpose of this research is to study phantom pain feeling in upper limb amputees using the prosthesis. It is believed recent prostheses can be substituted for the lost function. 44 subjects were studied. All of them were men and acquired amputees. The youngest was 8 and the eldest was 50 years old. 11 subjects were the bilateral amputee and 33subjects were the unilateral amputee. Data was collected via the PEQ standard questionnaire. An analysis was done by Spss software. The statistical method was linear regression model. In descriptive statistics table, minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation of quantitative questions were studied one by one. To study the relation between phantom pain and other variables, the regression model was used. To omit colinearity among independent variables, a stepwise model was used. (R2 =66.4) It was found there was a direct relation between a)feeling pain in shoulder area and phantom pain (p-value=0.014), b) stump perspiration and phantom pain (p-value= 0.00), c) easy donning /doffing of the prosthesis and phantom pain (p-value=0.007), d) comfortable using of the prosthesis in sitting position and phantom pain (p-value=0.00). There was reverse relation between e) using prosthesis to don / doff clothes and phantom pain (p-value=0.00), f) stump contact with the inner wall of the socket and phantom pain (p-value= 0.00) Appropriately, 1) weight reduction of the prosthesis is required, 2) prosthesis can be more beneficial for amputees with long stump 3) humidity affects the efficiency of the electrodes, 4) suspension system has to support the function of the prosthesis, 5) prosthesis should not be exposed to the external waves, 6) adequate pulse of the amputated muscle should be received with the electrodes.
Rubina Fatima
MRM Collage of Pharmacy, India
Title: Formulation and evaluation of mouth dissolving tablet of donepezil with super disintegrants
Time : 15:50-16:10
Biography:
Rubina Fatima was graduated in Bachelors of Pharmacy (B Pham) from MRM Collage of Pharmacy in 2012 and during her studies she got an opportunity from her institute to work as a “Trainee” in Quality control at Dr Reddy Laboratory. During her bachelor's she have successfully worked on project “Formulation and evaluation of mouth are dissolving tablet donepezil with superdisingredents” After her first achievement, she received her Pharmacy license from Pharmacy council of India (PCI). Later she moves forward in her career to pursue her Master in Pharmacy with a major in Pharmaceutics and successfully completed the same with a distinction in 2015. She is an Assistant Professor in MRM Collage of Pharmacy affiliated to JNTUH. She is an active researcher, a teacher of pharmaceutical and Alliance healthcare professional member.
Abstract:
In the present work, mouth dissolving tablet of donepezil was designed with a view to enhancing patient compliance, by direct compression. In this method, crospovidone and croscarmellose were used in combination as super disintegrants. The different formulations of tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, drug content uniformity, wetting time, water absorption ratio, in vitro dispersion time. Out of all the formulations the drug with combination 4% of the super disintegrants found to be high dissolving tablet than other formulations. These formulations were tested for in vitro drug release pattern (pH 6.8 phosphate buffer). Among these formulations, only one show an excellent result with a free drug release, this is prepared by direct compression method. The stability studies prove that there are no greater significant changes in drug content and in vitro dispersion time. The results show that donepezil is a safe and effective with the combination of super disintegrants in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Ochieng O Anthony
Sumait University, Zanzibar
Title: pathogens with chloroquine drug
Time : 16:10-16:30
Biography:
Ochieng O Anthony studied pure and applied chemistry, a PhD scholar, the senior chemistry lecturer at Faculty of Science, Sumait University in Tanzania. He is also a co-author of determination of acidic pharmaceutical components in an analgesic drug. His research focuses on natural products and evaluating their medicinal values, pharmaceutics, cosmetology, education chemistry, macrocyclic compounds and their applications in drug design and using statistical thermodynamics in evaluating acidic constants. He is a member of Kenya Chemical Society, American Chemical Society, Royal Society of Chemistry &GNDU Chemical Society. He has 7 years working in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industrial sectors, 3 publications in reputable journals and 15 years lecturing chemistry in higher institutions of learning.
Abstract:
Malaria is one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide where in Africa the disease is mostly endemic. The choices for the treatment are highly limited, and prolonged with minimum dose goes for 10- 14days. Over forty different medicinal plant species from East Africa regions are commonly used by the local traditional healers for the treatment of malaria. Among them, the stem barks and soft roots from Azadirachta indica, Cissampelos mucronata, Zanthoxylum chalybeum, Entandrophragma congolense, Picralima nitida, Toddalia esiratica, Tamarindus indica, Maytenus senegalensis, and Dodonaea angustifolia are commonly used traditionally for antimalaria. A total of nine aqueous crude plants extracts from the said traditional medicine were evaluated for their in vivo antimalarial activity using Plasmodium berghei infected swiss mice and for their acute toxicity using brine shrimp lethality test and the locally available chloroquine was used as an anti-malaria drug. The plants extract had a LC50> 750μg/ml thus non-toxic.The aqueous extract significantly reduced parasitemia by an average of 35.4% at a dose of 200 mg/kg incomparable to chloroquine after 48 hours as a monotherapy showing the significant difference from that of chloroquine(P≤0.07). This suggests synergism of phytoconstituents and efficacy of crude extracts against specific drug chloroquine in suppressing the parasitemia thus ascertaining the ethnopharmacological claims.